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For centuries, scripture and theology were the focus of prodigious amounts of scholarship and publishing. Enlightenment philosophy and science, anthropology, ethnology and the colonial experience all brought new perspectives, lively debates and heated controversies to the study of religion and its role in the world, many of which continue to this day. This series explores the editing and interpretation of religious texts, the history of religious ideas and institutions, and not least the encounter between religion and science.

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253 results in Cambridge Library Collection - Religion

Page 8 of 13

The Commentaries of Isho’dad of Merv, Bishop of Hadatha (c. 850 A.D.)
  • In Syriac and English
  • Volume 4, Acts of the Apostles and Three Catholic Epistles
  • Edited and translated by Margaret Dunlop Gibson
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    17 February 2011
    First published in:
    1913
  • The twin sisters Agnes Lewis (1843–1926) and Margaret Gibson (1843–1920) were pioneering biblical scholars who became experts in a number of ancient languages. Travelling widely in the Middle East, they made several significant discoveries, including one of the earliest manuscripts of the four gospels in Syriac, a dialect of Aramaic, the language probably spoken by Jesus himself. Originally published in the Horae Semitica series, this fascicule contains the text of an Assyrian bishop's biblical commentary. Considered by some to be the father of the Eastern Church, Isho'dad of Merv produced detailed discussions of most books of the Bible in the ninth century. This volume, first published in 1913, is a detailed interpretation of Acts and the epistles of James, Peter and John in both Syriac and English. Translated and edited by Margaret Gibson, this is a valuable resource for theologians by a key figure in Eastern Christianity.

New Zealand
  • George Augustus Selwyn
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    19 August 2010
    First published in:
    1844
  • George Augustus Selwyn (1809–1878) was the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand, with Selwyn College, Cambridge later named in his honour. New Zealand was declared an independent British colony in 1841 and the Diocese of New Zealand was established in the same year. After graduating from St. John's College, Cambridge in 1831, Selwyn had been ordained priest in 1834 and consecrated as the first Bishop of New Zealand in 1841. This volume, first published in 1844, contains a series of journals and letters written by Selwyn during his first two years in New Zealand. He provides an intimate and detailed description of the organisation and society of the new colony and the growth of new settlements including Auckland and Wellington. He also describes the landscape and lives of the Maori in remote areas mostly untouched by colonisation, providing a fascinating account of the early history of colonial New Zealand.

Acta Mythologica Apostolorum in Arabic
  • Transcribed from an Arabic MS in the Convent of Deyr-Es-Suriani, Egypt, and from MSS in the Convent of St Catherine, on Mount Sinai
  • Edited by Agnes Smith Lewis
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    17 February 2011
    First published in:
    1904
  • The twin sisters Agnes Lewis (1843–1926) and Margaret Gibson (1843–1920) were pioneering biblical scholars who became experts in a number of ancient languages. Travelling widely in the Middle East, they made several significant discoveries, including one of the earliest manuscripts of the four gospels in Syriac, a dialect of Aramaic, the language probably spoken by Jesus himself. Originally published in the Horae Semitica series, this fascicule contains the Arabic text of the apocryphal acts of the apostles. Originally published in 1904 by Agnes Lewis, the text chronicles the lives, adventures and deaths of important figures like Paul, Thaddeus and James, the brother of Jesus. This fascinating volume features extraordinary tales of peril and persecution - one town's sinful population places a naked prostitute at the town gate to deter the apostles, but the archangel Michael levitates her out of their way - and is of great historical and theological interest.

The Commentaries of Isho’dad of Merv, Bishop of Hadatha (c. 850 A.D.)
  • In Syriac and English
  • Volume 5, The Epistles of Paul the Apostle in English, Part 2
  • Edited and translated by Margaret Dunlop Gibson
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    17 February 2011
    First published in:
    1916
  • The twin sisters Agnes Lewis (1843–1926) and Margaret Gibson (1843–1920) were pioneering biblical scholars who became experts in a number of ancient languages. Travelling widely in the Middle East, they made several significant discoveries, including one of the earliest manuscripts of the four gospels in Syriac, a dialect of Aramaic, the language probably spoken by Jesus himself. Originally published in the Horae Semitica series, this fascicule contains the text of an Assyrian bishop's biblical commentary. Considered by some to be the father of the Eastern Church, Isho'dad of Merv produced detailed discussions of most books of the Bible in the ninth century. This two-part volume, first published in 1916, is a detailed discussion of the Epistles of Paul drawn from many ancient sources. Translated into English and edited by Margaret Gibson, this is a valuable resource for theologians by a key figure in Eastern Christianity.

The Women of Israel
  • Or, Characters and Sketches from the Holy Scriptures, and Jewish History
  • Volume 1
  • Grace Aguilar
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    28 October 2010
    First published in:
    1845
  • Grace Aguilar (1818–1847), a prolific nineteenth-century novelist and Jewish historian of Sephardic descent, was known for her works of fiction, but in this 1845 publication she addresses Jewish history from a female perspective. These two volumes consist of a series of biographical essays on Old Testament, Talmudic and modern Jewish women. Aguilar identifies a need for more female biography of scripture, postulating a continuity between the biblical matriarchs and the Jewish women of her generation. Addressing a female readership, Aguilar writes in a didactic and highly evangelical tone characteristic of the period, using her discussion to argue for the emancipation of Jews, particularly Jewish women, who should also have access to all Jewish religious texts. The Women of Israel is divided into seven historical periods, and this first volume deals with the first three. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=aguigr

The Women of Israel
  • Or, Characters and Sketches from the Holy Scriptures, and Jewish History
  • Volume 2
  • Grace Aguilar
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    28 October 2010
    First published in:
    1845
  • Grace Aguilar (1818–1847), a prolific nineteenth-century novelist and Jewish historian of Sephardic descent, was better known for her works of fiction, but in this 1845 publication she addresses Jewish history from a female perspective. These two volumes consist of a series of biographical essays on Old Testament, Talmudic and modern Jewish women. Aguilar identifies a need for more female biography of scripture, postulating a continuity between the biblical matriarchs and the Jewish women of her generation. Addressing a female readership, Aguilar writes in a didactic and highly evangelical tone characteristic of the period, using her historical discussion to argue for the emancipation of Jews, particularly Jewish women, who should also have full access to all Jewish religious texts. This second volume focuses on Aguilar's latter four periods of history. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=aguigr

Novum Testamentum Graece
  • Textum ad Fidem Codicum Versionum et Patrum Recensuit et Lectionis Varietatem Adjecit D. Jo. Jac. Griesbach
  • Volume 2, Acta et Epistolas Apostolorum cum Apocalypsi Continens
  • Edited by Johann Jacob Griesbach
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    11 February 2010
    First published in:
    1806
  • This is the second edition, co-published in Halle and London in 1796 and 1806, of Griesbach's two-volume Novum Testamentum Graece, which first appeared in 1774–1775. A professor of the New Testament at the University of Jena in Germany, Griesbach is regarded as one of the founding fathers of modern textual criticism of the Bible. Griesbach's pioneering theory was to group different versions of New Testament texts into three families - Western, Alexandrian, and Constantinopolitan - based on a set of fifteen criteria. He set out these rules in an important addition to the Latin Prolegomena of Volume 1 of the second edition. Volume 2 contains the Book of Acts, the Pauline epistles, the Catholic epistles, and the Book of Revelation.

Astronomy and General Physics Considered with Reference to Natural Theology
  • William Whewell
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    20 July 2009
    First published in:
    1833
  • A leading British intellectual of the Victorian era, William Whewell (1794-1866) was a contemporary and adviser of Herschel, Darwin and Faraday. A geologist, astronomer, theologian and Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, he was best known for his works on moral philosophy and the history and philosophy of science, and for coining, among others, the term 'scientist'. This book, originally published in 1833, is one of a series of treatises published with the help of a legacy from the Earl of Bridgewater (d.1829), intended to contribute to an understanding of the world as created by God. Though an advocate of religion, Whewell accepts that progress in science leads to an understanding of the laws and processes of the natural world. He argues, however, that ultimately the scientific understanding of creation, astronomy, and the laws of the universe only serves to confirm the idea of a divine designer.

The Riddle of the Universe at the Close of the Nineteenth Century
  • Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel
  • Translated by Joseph McCabe
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    20 July 2009
    First published in:
    1900
  • Originally trained as a physician, the biologist and thinker Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), was an evolutionist who remained sceptical of natural selection. This book, which first appeared in German in 1899, sold 10,000 copies in its first few months and was published in an English translation the following year. In the preface, Haeckel applauds the technological progress of the nineteenth century, but bemoans the lack of communication between empirical scientists and abstract philosophers in the search for truth. The book carefully outlines Haeckel's monistic philosophy and ethics, which he sees as the key to human progress. Its twenty chapters cover anthropology, psychology, cosmology and theology, ranging from the embryology of the soul to a debate on Christianity and science. Haeckel's philosophy attracted a sizeable following for several decades, and it remains of interest to historians working on the reception of Darwinism as well as on its appropriation into Nazi ideology.

The Life and Labours of Carey, Marshman, and Ward
  • The Serampore Missionaries
  • John Clark Marshman
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    25 February 2010
    First published in:
    1864
  • This work, published in 1864, is the 'popular edition' of John Clark Marshman's account of the missionaries William Carey, William Ward and Joshua Marshman (his father), originally published in 1859 in two volumes as The Life and Times of the Serampore Missionaries. It documents the lives of the three main Serampore Missionaries from their humble origins and conversions to the Baptist Church to their pioneering work in Western Bengal. This shorter edition nevertheless contains a wealth of detail on the administration and politics of colonial India, on the experiences of the missionaries and in particular their efforts in advancing education among the indigenous people. It covers the founding of schools and later the renowned Serampore College, the missionaries' Bible translations into various languages including Bengali (Bangla) and Chinese, and their efforts to promote literacy in indigenous languages. Ward's pioneering study of Hinduism is also reissued in this series.

A Memoir of the Rev. Henry Watson Fox, B.A. of Wadham College, Oxford
  • Missionary to the Telugu People, South India
  • George Townshend Fox
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    25 February 2010
    First published in:
    1880
  • George Fox (1810–1886) compiled this memoir of his younger brother to inspire Rugby schoolboys to emulate this devout alumnus and become missionaries themselves. It was first published in 1850; the 1880 edition reissued here was the sixth printing and included a new preface and appendix recounting the successful establishment of the Rugby Fox Mastership at Masulipatam, India, where Fox had preached among the Telugu people of the British Madras Presidency. Containing an impressive quantity of personal letters and excerpts from his journal, the book provides insights into Fox's spiritual development and religious trials in the first half of the nineteenth-century. It includes unsympathetic accounts of the Telugu and India in general, but also recounts Fox's missionary strategies and goals, often reporting specific conversations or incidents. This content provides useful source material for scholars studying the British mission to India, the British empire, or nineteenth-century personal devotion.

An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek
  • With an Appendix Containing the Letter of Aristeas
  • Henry Barclay Swete
  • Edited by Henry St. John Thackeray
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    08 April 2010
    First published in:
    1900
  • Henry Barclay Swete (1835–1917) published An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek in 1900 as a manual to accompany his three-volume edition of the Septuagint (1887–1894) and to provide a guide through the vast corpus of Septuagint literature. Part 1 covers the textual history of the Septuagint, providing an in-depth analysis of its complex tradition, surveying the most important Greek witnesses and the earliest versions. Part 2 discusses the Alexandrian manuscript tradition, and covers the order and grouping of books, titles, comparison with the Hebrew Canon, and the textual divisions used in the manuscripts. Part 3 is concerned with the influence and use of the Septuagint in later works. An appendix contains the letter of pseudo-Aristeas with an introduction explaining the forgery. For over a century Swete's work has been an indispensable tool for every scholar and student of the Septuagint.

Life and a Selection from the Letters of the Late Rev. Henry Venn, M.A.
  • Henry Venn, John Venn
  • Edited by Henry Venn
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1834
  • The Reverend Henry Venn (1725–1797) was an Anglican clergyman who became a central figure in the English evangelical revival movement of the late eighteenth century. This book, containing a substantial selection of his letters and a biography written by his son John, was edited for publication in London in 1834 by his grandson Henry (who himself became an influential clergyman and missionary). The elder Henry Venn, after studying at Cambridge and being ordained priest, had ministered in parishes including Clapham, Huddersfield and Yelling. He was famous for his preaching, which attracted large congregations, and was remembered especially for his work among the urban and rural poor. He also published several books, including The Whole Duty of Man (1763), which reveal the development of his theological views over the course of his life. They are listed in the bibliography of this volume.

A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament
  • For the Use of Biblical Students
  • Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    25 February 2010
    First published in:
    1861
  • Frederick Henry Scrivener's 1861 introduction to the textual history of the New Testament marks a key moment in the history of biblical studies. The author, a renowned biblical scholar and textual critic of his time, focuses on the central areas of his research field. These include the Greek New Testament manuscripts and their general character, early printed and later critical editions, ancient versions of the New Testament in various languages and the linguistic features of New Testament Greek. In addition, he discusses editorial principles and practice and the differing approaches that had recently been adopted, and gives examples of their application to actual New Testament passages. Originally intended for readers with no previous knowledge of this subject, and carefully organised so as to be accessible to them, the book is still of interest to upper-level students and to historians of the discipline.

General Sketch of the History of Pantheism
  • Volume 1, From the Earliest Times to the Age of Spinoza
  • Constance E. Plumptre
  • Published online:
    05 August 2011
    Print publication:
    02 June 2011
    First published in:
    1878
  • A perceptive thinker and author of five scholarly tomes as well as numerous essays, the philosopher and historian of religion Constance E. Plumptre is now unfamiliar to many readers. Yet for a period of just over twenty years between 1878 and 1902 she championed some of the most fascinating philosophical and religious theories of the Victorian age. Although she won greatest acclaim for Studies in Little-Known Subjects (1898), her first work, General Sketch of the History of Pantheism, published anonymously in 1878, remains one of the most significant histories of philosophy ever written. Taking in Brahminism, the Ionian School, Pythagoras and the Neo-Platonists, as well as the work of Bruno and Vanini, the first volume provides an erudite but accessible introduction to Oriental, Greek and modern Pantheism. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=plumce

The Journal of David Brainerd
  • Volume 2
  • David Brainerd
  • Edited by Jonathan Edwards
  • Published online:
    05 July 2011
    Print publication:
    03 June 2010
    First published in:
    1802
  • David Brainerd (1718–1747) was a colonial American missionary to Native Americans made famous when Jonathan Edwards (1703–1758) posthumously edited his journal and other writings into a popular biographical narrative. Having spent time at Yale University, Brainerd entered the ministry in 1742 and dedicated his life to work amongst native peoples in Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey before expiring at the age of 29. This 1902 edition of The Diary and Journal of David Brainerd provided readers with a broader picture of his life and the source material from which Edwards composed his narrative. Volume 2 focuses mostly upon his work with Native Americans as well as correspondence and other religious writing. The thoughts preserved in this two-volume set are an important resource for those interested in religion in America during the period known as the 'Great Awakening'.

The Life of Alexander Duff, D.D., LL.D
  • In Two Volumes, with Portraits by Jeens
  • Volume 2
  • George Smith
  • Published online:
    05 July 2011
    Print publication:
    04 March 2010
    First published in:
    1879
  • George Smith (1833–1919) spent many years in India as an educator and editor of the Calcutta Review. He was a great supporter of missionary work and became secretary of the foreign mission committee of the Free Church of Scotland in 1870. He also wrote popular books of missionary biography including this two-volume Life of Alexander Duff (1879). Duff (1806–1878) was the first foreign missionary of the Church of Scotland and a leading figure in promoting Christian education in India. Duff pioneered what he called 'downward filter theory' which centred on educating India's upper caste through English in the hope that this elite group would then take responsibility for the evangelisation and modernisation of South Asia. Volume 2 describes Duff's life from 1843 until his death in 1878, covering his contribution to the 1854 educational reforms in India and the founding of the University of Calcutta.

The Life of Alexander Duff, D.D., LL.D
  • In Two Volumes, with Portraits by Jeens
  • Volume 1
  • George Smith
  • Published online:
    05 July 2011
    Print publication:
    04 March 2010
    First published in:
    1879
  • George Smith (1833–1919) spent many years in India as an educator and editor of the Calcutta Review. He was a great supporter of missionary work and became secretary of the foreign mission committee of the Free Church of Scotland in 1870. He also wrote popular books of missionary biography including this two-volume Life of Alexander Duff (1879). Duff (1806–1878) was the first foreign missionary of the Church of Scotland and a leading figure in promoting Christian education in India. Duff pioneered what he called 'downward filter theory' which centred on educating India's upper caste through English in the hope that this elite group would then take responsibility for the evangelisation and modernisation of South Asia. Volume 1 describes Duff's life until 1843, covering his education in Scotland, his arrival in Calcutta and the founding of his school, the General Assembly Institution.

Other Worlds Than Ours
  • The Plurality of Worlds Studied under the Light of Recent Scientific Researches
  • Richard Anthony Proctor
  • Published online:
    05 July 2011
    Print publication:
    20 July 2009
    First published in:
    1870
  • The English astronomer Richard A. Proctor was already a well-known populariser of science when he published Other Worlds Than Ours in 1870, joining a ferocious debate about the possibility of life on other planets in which Whewell (1853) and Brewster (1854) had also participated. Taking his cue from the seventeenth-century French astronomer Fontenelle's classic book The Plurality of Worlds, Proctor discusses Victorian discoveries about the solar system and describes what was then known about each of the planets. He evaluates the habitability of Mars, Jupiter, Mercury, Venus and Saturn in the light of his belief in the possibility of extraterrestrial life. The text includes many illustrations of the planets, a spectacular map of Mars, and theoretical views of the Milky Way. Influenced by Darwin, Proctor had a teleological view of the universe and believed that eventually the cosmos would be filled with living things.

The Greek New Testament
  • Edited from Ancient Authorities, with their Various Readings in Full, and the Latin Version of Jerome
  • Volume 3, Acts and Catholic Epistles
  • Edited by Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
  • Published online:
    05 July 2011
    Print publication:
    14 January 2010
    First published in:
    1865
  • Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (1813–1875) was a Cornish-born Biblical scholar who travelled to major libraries all over Europe in order to study ancient manuscripts. Biblical textual criticism was a burgeoning new field in the mid-nineteenth century, with leading scholars including Lachmann and Tischendorf in Germany and Tregelles' contemporaries Scrivener, Westcott and Hort in England all working towards the ideal of a more authoritative Greek New Testament text than had previously been available. Volume 3 (1865) of Tregelles' landmark seven-volume edition begins with a description of the many manuscripts consulted. This volume contains the Acts of the Apostles and the Catholic epistles. As well as the Greek text, each page has Jerome's Latin Vulgate text in the right margin, indications of manuscripts used and Biblical cross-references in the left margin, and a full textual apparatus at the foot.

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