Harpullia mabberleyana W.N.Takeuchi (Sapindaceae) is described from historically unexplored environments in Papua New Guinea’s southern ranges. The new species can be instantly recognised by its simple leaves, the only Harpullia ever found with that character. New observations and occurrences are also reported for the rarely collected Harpullia rhachiptera and Lepisanthes mixta.

The genus Boea Comm. ex Lam. is revised. Eleven species are recognised, including the new species Boea morobensis C.Puglisi. A key is provided, all names are typified, and the species are described.

A heterogenic system of incompatibility is described in Coprinus bisporus which involves two alleles at two loci, in addition to the unifactorial homogenic incompatibility locus already described for this two-spored species. The patterns of non-allelic heterogenic incompatibility found in C. bisporus are used to predict those expected in species with bifactorial homogenic incompatibility. This type of heterogenic incompatibility could lead to speciation.

The genus Colutea (Fabaceae) has been revised in preparation for the Flora of Iran treatment and a synopsis is presented here. In Iran the genus includes four sections, three subsections and nine species. An identification key, notes and distributions are given for the taxa. Two new subsections are described: Colutea sect. Rostrata subsect. Gifana and Colutea sect. Rostrata subsect. Uniflora.

The tribe Calenduleae of the Compositae (Asteraceae) has a pronounced centre of diversity in South Africa, particularly in Cape Province. The largest genus, Osteospermum L., contains c.50 species in Africa and southwestern Arabia, including about 40 in Cape Province. Two new species are described here, both narrowly endemic in southwestern Cape Province. Osteospermum australe is confined to lowland coastal limestone areas in Bredasdorp district, whereas Osteospermum burttianum has a restricted distribution in the Langebergen mountains in Heidelberg district.

Nonea pallens was recently collected by the authors in the Yildiz mountain region in Turkey-in-Europe. The species is new for the Turkish flora and the population marks the southern limit of the species range. Geographical and ecological details are given about the record locality, along with an original description and iconography of the Turkish specimens. Original material of N. pallens was traced in G, W and FI, allowing a lectotype to be selected. Finally, a karyological analysis provided new data about the systematic position of this poorly known species within the genus.

A new species of Roscoea is described and illustrated. Roscoea megalantha Tosh.Yoshida & R.Yangzom occurs in the Eastern Zone of Bhutan and neighbouring Arunachal Pradesh in India. A distribution map and an IUCN conservation assessment are given. A key to the three species of Roscoea found in Bhutan is provided.

The classification of three subtropical, primarily Indian, members of the tribe Cynoglosseae (Boraginaceae) which C. B. Clarke included in Paracaryum P. coelestinum (Lindley) Bentham, P. lambertianum C. B. Clarke and P.malabaricum C. B. Clarke – is discussed. The conclusion reached is that Clarke was correct to assign them all to one genus, but that none has any affinity with the mainly Irano-Turanian genus Paracaryum (DC.) Boiss. Cynoglossum L. sect. Paracaryopsis H. Riedl, to which Riedl transferred P. coelestinum, is elevated to generic rank as Paracaryopsis (H. Riedl) R. Mill, with three new combinations at specific rank. A systematic treatment of Paracaryopsis is given.

Typhonium praetermissum and T. taylori (Araceae) are described as species new to science from the Northern Territory, Australia. The first is intermediate in character between Typhonium Schott and Lazarum A. Hay. Consequently, Lazarum is reduced to the synonymy of Typhonium and the new combination Typhonium mirabile is made. The new species are illustrated.

The critically endangered Phyllanthus talbotii Sedgw. (Phyllanthaceae) is endemic to the northern part of the Western Ghats in Goa and Karnataka, India. The species was described in 1921 from collections made in 1883, 1918 and 1919, and then rediscovered in 1969. We report here a new locality, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, South Goa district, Goa. The species is lectotypified and a detailed description is provided, including distribution, IUCN threat status, conservation measures and nomenclatural notes.

Two new species of Begonia sect. Bracteibegonia, B. curvifolia Ardi and B. ocellata Ardi, are described from West Sumatra, Indonesia. The species are endemic to Sumatra and belong to the IUCN category Data Deficient. A modified identification key to all 11 species of Begonia sect. Bracteibegonia in Sumatra is provided.

Four new species of Columnea (Gesneriaceae) section Collandra (syn. Dalbergaria Tussac) are described from the remnant forests of the western and central cordilleras of Colombia: C. coronocrypta, C. coronata, C. pedunculata, and C. queremalensis. The flowers of C. coronata are unusual in the genus in having a corona, as in genera of Gesneriaceae pollinated by euglossine bees. Columnea pedunculata is distinct in having pedunculate inflorescences.

Odontostemma balfouriana (W.W.Sm.) Satish Chandra & D.S.Rawat is recorded here as a new record for the flora of India. Surprisingly, the species (previously known as Arenaria balfouriana W.W.Sm.) was erroneously considered to be a synonym of Stellaria depauperata Edgew. After examining protologues, fresh specimens and herbarium specimens housed in BSD, CAL and DD, the authors have resolved this taxonomic confusion and provided a new combination and lectotype for Arenaria balfouriana. Additionally, Stellaria depauperata, illegitimately combined under Arenaria, is resurrected and recognised as a distinct species.

Vaccinium oscarlopezianum (sect. Bracteata Nakai) (Ericaceae), known only from two sites in the Sierra Madre Mountains of Luzon, Philippines, is formally described.