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Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2025

George Tsebelis
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Type
Chapter
Information
Changing the Rules
Constitutional Amendments in Democracies
, pp. viii - ix
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NC
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Figures

  1. 2.1Five-sevenths and six-sevenths cores in one dimension

  2. 2.2Change of core in one dimension under five-sevenths and six-sevenths majority

  3. 2.3Core of a unicameral legislature under qualified majorities and lack of core under simple majority

  4. 2.4Constitutional core of a bicameral legislature

  5. 2.5Constitutional core with two-thirds majority in both chambers and a majority of states (Mexico)

  6. 2.6Core with alternative constitutional provisions

  7. 2.7Large core produces smaller win-set, no matter where the status quo (SQ) is

  8. 2.8Outcomes of a referendum

  9. 2.9Referendum outcomes as a function of agenda setter

  10. 3.1New constitutions do not come with new levels of constitutional rigidity

  11. 3.2Summary of the number of countries that changed their constitution and the difference in rigidity scores

  12. 3.3Correlations between amendment frequencies and the World Values Survey (WVS) and V-Dem Variables (variables used by Blake et al. [2023] in bold)

  13. 4.1Constitutional core of Italy under Article 138

  14. 4.2Constitutional core of Chile, three-fifths, and president

  15. 4.3Constitutional core of Chile and two-thirds without president

  16. 4.4Constitutional core of Chile with all alternatives

  17. 5.1House and Senate support for constitutional amendments in Mexico from 2000 to 2013 by topic, coalition, and number of articles affected

  18. 5.2Congressional support for constitutional amendments in Mexico from 2000 to 2013

  19. 6.1Constitutional rigidity and amendment size and/or rate

  20. 6.2The effect of constitutional rigidity on the rate of all amendments (amendments of constitutions in effect in 2013 in all democratic countries)

  21. 6.A.1.1The effect of constitutional rigidity on the rate of fundamental amendments (amendments of constitutions in effect in 2013 in all democratic countries)

  22. 6.A.1.2The effect of constitutional rigidity on the rate of significant and fundamental amendments (amendments of constitutions in effect in 2013 in all democratic countries)

  23. 7.1Writing and revising the constitution game

  24. 7.2Amendment frequency and log length

  25. 7.3Time inconsistency and log length

  26. 7.4Scope and details in 187 countries

  27. 7.5Log GDP and log length

  28. 7.6Corruption and log length

  29. 8.1Legislative core: the court can make any statutory interpretation inside it

  30. 8.2Constitutional core larger than legislative core: any constitutional interpretation within the constitutional core stands

  31. 8.3Low constitutional rigidity is a necessary condition for low judicial independence

  32. 8.4The win-set of the status quo subject to constraints on judicial decision-making

  33. 8.5The win-set of the status quo subject to constraints on judicial decision-making, with uncertainty

  34. 8.6The effect of constitutional rigidity on court strikes

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  • Figures
  • George Tsebelis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book: Changing the Rules
  • Online publication: 24 April 2025
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  • Figures
  • George Tsebelis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book: Changing the Rules
  • Online publication: 24 April 2025
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  • Figures
  • George Tsebelis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
  • Book: Changing the Rules
  • Online publication: 24 April 2025
Available formats
×