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From the Renaissance to the nineteenth century, Latin and Greek were compulsory subjects in almost all European universities, and most early modern scholars published their research and conducted international correspondence in Latin. Latin had continued in use in Western Europe long after the fall of the Roman Empire as the lingua franca of the educated classes and of law, diplomacy, religion and university teaching. The flight of Greek scholars to the West after the fall of Constantinople in 1453 gave impetus to the study of ancient Greek literature and the Greek New Testament. Eventually, just as nineteenth-century reforms of university curricula were beginning to erode this ascendancy, developments in textual criticism and linguistic analysis, and new ways of studying ancient societies, especially archaeology, led to renewed enthusiasm for the Classics. This collection offers works of criticism, interpretation and synthesis by the outstanding scholars of the nineteenth century.

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502 results in Cambridge Library Collection - Classics

Page 25 of 26

The History of Rome
  • Volume 4, Part 2
  • Theodor Mommsen
  • Translated by William Purdie Dickson
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    08 April 2010
    First published in:
    1866
  • The classical historian Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903) published his History of Rome between 1854 and 1856. His work was received with widespread acclaim by the scholarly community and the reading public. In 1902 Mommsen was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature and acclaimed as 'the greatest living master of the art of historical writing'. Mommsen rejected traditional Enlightenment accounts, which glorified ancient Rome; instead, guided by a new and rigorous criticism of sources, he began the demythologisation of Roman history. In a vivacious and engaging style, Mommsen drew bold parallels between the nineteenth century and classical Rome. Volume 4 covers the establishment of the military monarchy; this English translation, first published in 1866, corresponds to the fourth edition of the German third volume. Part 2 begins with Pompey and Julius Caesar and ends with the battle of Thapsus. In this reissue, the index to the entire work is also included.

Aristotle: Rhetoric
  • Volume 2
  • Edited by Edward Meredith Cope, John Edwin Sandys
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    01 April 2010
    First published in:
    1877
  • Edward Meredith Cope (1818–1873) was an English scholar of classics who served as Fellow and Tutor at Trinity College, Cambridge. One of the leading Greek specialists of his time, Cope published An Introduction to Aristotle's Rhetoric in 1867. Though now considered a 'standard work', that Introduction was intended as merely the first part of a full critical edition of the Rhetoric, which was left incomplete on Cope's death in 1873. Cope's manuscripts were collected and edited by John Edwin Sandys, and published in this three-volume set in 1877. Cope's analysis represented an important advance in the modern interpretation of this foundational text on the art of persuasion. Volume 2 contains the Greek text of Book 2 together with a commentary on Aristotle's views concerning the place of emotion and logic within the discipline.

The Roman Law of Slavery
  • The Condition of the Slave in Private Law from Augustus to Justinian
  • William Warwick Buckland
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    24 June 2010
    First published in:
    1908
  • W. W. Buckland's highly regarded magisterial work of 1908 is a scholarly and thorough description of the principles of the Roman law with regard to slavery. Chapters systematically address, in Buckland's words, 'the most characteristic part of the most characteristic intellectual product of Rome'. In minute detail, Buckland surveys slaves and the complexity of the position of the slave in Roman law, describing how slaves are treated both as animals and as free men. He begins by outlining the definition of 'slave', their characteristics and conditions, giving examples of particular cases and describing for the reader the sorts of work a Roman slave might do. Carefully and comprehensively referenced throughout, this is a general survey of an important aspect of Roman law by a renowned Cambridge academic, which retains its status as an enduring classic.

Life and Letters of Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb, O. M., Litt. D.
  • With a Chapter on Sir Richard Jebb as Scholar and Critic by Dr. A. W. Verrall
  • Caroline Jebb, A. W. Verrall
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    11 February 2010
    First published in:
    1907
  • Sir Richard Jebb (1841–1905) was the outstanding British classical scholar of the second half of the nineteenth century. This memoir, published by his widow in 1907, gives a rounded picture of the man chiefly remembered today for his editions of the plays of Sophocles, but who was also instrumental in founding the British Schools of Archaeology in Athens and Rome and the British Academy, and who as a Member of Parliament for Cambridge University played a significant part in the politics of his day, especially in educational reform at both school and university level. Extracts from his letters and speeches show the energy and enthusiasm which he brought to his many roles, and a sense of humour which may not be too evident in his published work but was remembered by his students as a feature of the lectures which secured his reputation as a great teacher.

A Short History of Greek Mathematics
  • James Gow
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    24 June 2010
    First published in:
    1884
  • James Gow's A Short History of Greek Mathematics (1884) provided the first full account of the subject available in English, and it today remains a clear and thorough guide to early arithmetic and geometry. Beginning with the origins of the numerical system and proceeding through the theorems of Pythagoras, Euclid, Archimedes and many others, the Short History offers in-depth analysis and useful translations of individual texts as well as a broad historical overview of the development of mathematics. Parts I and II concern Greek arithmetic, including the origin of alphabetic numerals and the nomenclature for operations; Part III constitutes a complete history of Greek geometry, from its earliest precursors in Egypt and Babylon through to the innovations of the Ionic, Sophistic, and Academic schools and their followers. Particular attention is given to Pythagorus, Euclid, Archimedes, and Ptolemy, but a host of lesser-known thinkers receive deserved attention as well.

P. Vergili Maronis Opera
  • With a Commentary
  • Volume 1
  • Edited by John Conington
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1858
  • First published between 1858 and 1871, John Conington's lucid exposition of the complete works of Virgil continues to set the standard for commentary on the Virgilian corpus. After decades out of print, this three-volume edition is once again available to readers, allowing Conington's subtle investigations of language, context, and intellectual background to find a fresh audience. Volume 1 features the Eclogues and Georgics. Introductory essays and detailed, informative notes situate the individual works within the larger field of Latin pastoral and didactic poetry. Still a major scholarly contribution over a century and a half after its initial publication, Conington's Works of Virgil is fine testament to one of Victorian England's most talented readers of classical Latin, a philologist whose gifts, as his colleague Henry Nettleship noted, 'were of a single and representative order … unlikely to be replaced'.

Introductory Studies in Greek Art
  • Jane Ellen Harrison
  • Published online:
    07 September 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1885
  • Jane Ellen Harrison (1850–1928) was a prominent classical scholar who is remembered chiefly for her influential studies of Greek religion, archaeology, literature and art. Introductory Studies in Greek Art (1885) was Harrison's second book, published after a period spent studying archaeology at the British Museum under Sir Charles Newton and writing and lecturing on the subject of Greek vase painting. In her preface to the book Harrison claims that Greek art is distinguished by what she calls 'ideality', a term she defines as a 'peculiar quality ... which adapts itself to the consciousness of successive ages ... a certain largeness and universality which outlives the individual race and persists for all time.' The book covers topics including Chaldaeo-Assyria, Phoenicia, Pheidias and the Parthenon, and the altar of Eumenes at Pergamos.

Titi Lucreti Cari De Rerum Natura Libri Sex
  • With a Translation and Notes
  • Volume 2
  • Edited by H. A. J. Munro
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1864
  • Published in Cambridge in 1864, H. A. J. Munro's two-volume critical edition of the Roman poet Lucretius' De Rerum Natura ('On the Nature of the Universe'), represents one of the finest contributions to classical scholarship of the nineteenth century. Lucretius' didactic poem, written in hexameters, is divided into six books and explains Epicurean cosmology. Munro's edition was conceived in response to that of the German philologist Karl Lachmann, who had published an edition of Lucretius in 1850. Munro began working on Lucretius in 1849 at which time he collated a range of manuscripts from European libraries. His first edition of the poem appeared in 1860. This revised edition followed in 1864 complete with an introduction, translation, and commentary. Volume 2 contains Munro's explanatory notes and the index.

A History of Greece
  • Volume 2
  • George Grote
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    01 April 2010
    First published in:
    1846
  • Widely acknowledged as the most authoritative Victorian study of ancient Greece, George Grote's twelve-volume work, begun in 1846, established the view of Greek history which still prevails in textbooks and popular accounts of the ancient world today. Grote employs direct and clear language to take the reader from the earliest times of legendary Greece to the death of Alexander and his generation, drawing upon epic poetry and legend, and examining the growth and decline of the Athenian democracy. The work explains Greek political constitutions and philosophy, and interwoven throughout are the important but outlying adventures of the Sicilian and Italian Greeks. Volume 2 continues with the legendary age of the Greeks, paying special attention to the Iliad and Odyssey, and begins the story of historical Greece, setting the geographical and chronological coordinates and introducing the reader to the world of the Peloponnesus.

Cicero, De Natura Deorum Libri Tres
  • With Introduction and Commentary
  • Volume 2
  • Edited by Joseph B. Mayor, J. H. Swainson
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1883
  • First published between 1880 and 1885, Joseph B. Mayor's three-volume edition of De Natura Deorum is remarkable for its thorough commentary. This volume contains Cicero's Book 2, which presents the Stoic argument for the existence of the gods and their providential ordering of the universe. Set within the home of the orator Caius Aurelius Cotta, it follows the Epicurean and Academic arguments of Book 1. Here the Stoic Balbus defends his basic premise that the majesty of creation - the harmony existing among infinitely varied phenomena - can only derive from the wisdom of divine reason. As the fullest expression of Stoic theology in De Natura Deorum, this book provides crucial insight into the school's views on cosmology, divine providence, and the role of deities in representing the natural universe. It reveals Cicero's intellectual range as he evaluates the major metaphysical debates dividing the Roman philosophical schools.

A History of Greece
  • Volume 11
  • George Grote
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    01 April 2010
    First published in:
    1853
  • Widely acknowledged as the most authoritative study of ancient Greece, George Grote's twelve-volume work, begun in 1846, established the shape of Greek history which still prevails in textbooks and popular accounts of the ancient world today. Grote employs direct and clear language to take the reader from the earliest times of legendary Greece to the death of Alexander and his generation, drawing upon epic poetry and legend, and examining the growth and decline of the Athenian democracy. The work provides explanations of Greek political constitutions and philosophy, and interwoven throughout are the important but outlying adventures of the Sicilian and Italian Greeks. Volume 11 continues the history of Sicily down to the expedition of Timoleon in 344 BCE, and then returns to Greece and describes the rise of Philip of Macedon; the book concludes with Philip's death in 336 BCE.

Römisches Staatsrecht
  • Volume 2, Part 1
  • Theodor Mommsen
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    08 April 2010
    First published in:
    1874
  • Theodor Mommsen's influential multi-volume work, first published between 1871 and 1888, is a systematic treatment of the intricate workings of the Roman state. The renowned German scholar proposed an original and sometimes controversial understanding of Roman institutions, based around the categories of nineteenth-century constitutional law. The Romans themselves never actually codified their complicated body of law, but by applying a historical approach to describe the development of Roman law Mommsen succeeds in making it more accessible to the reader. He systematises the many diverse legal elements upon which the Roman constitution was based and offers a coherent reading of it. In Volume 2, Part 1 the author focuses on individual roles and appointments within the legislature, from the pontifex and the consuls to the tribune and the questors, as well as legates and other officials.

Cornelii Taciti Annalium Libri I–IV
  • Edited with Introduction and Notes for the Use of Schools and Junior Students
  • Edited by H. Furneaux
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    22 April 2010
    First published in:
    1885
  • A leading classical scholar from the University of Oxford, Henry Furneaux (1829–1900) specialised in the writings of the Roman historian Tacitus. Although not originally titled the Annals, this work acquired the name for the style of history it presents, dealing with events year by year, rather than thematically. The Annals cover the reigns of four Roman emperors, beginning after the death of Augustus. While considered to be factually accurate, Tacitus' accounts include moralising interpretations and judgements concerning the behaviour of the historical protagonists. The Annals originally consisted of 16 books dealing with a period of 54 years, but several of them are incomplete or have not survived at all. This volume contains the first four books of the Annals covering the years 14 to 23 C.E. It was first published in 1885 and includes an introduction and notes.

Titi Lucreti Cari De Rerum Natura Libri Sex
  • With a Translation and Notes
  • Volume 1
  • Edited and translated by H. A. J. Munro
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1864
  • Published in Cambridge in 1864, H. A. J. Munro's two-volume critical edition of the Roman poet Lucretius' De Rerum Natura ('On the Nature of the Universe'), represents one of the finest contributions to classical scholarship of the nineteenth century. Lucretius' didactic poem, written in hexameters, is divided into six books and explains Epicurean cosmology. Munro's edition was conceived in response to that of the German philologist Karl Lachmann, who had published an edition of Lucretius in 1850. Munro began working on Lucretius in 1849 at which time he collated a range of manuscripts from European libraries. His first edition of the poem appeared in 1860. This revised edition followed in 1864 complete with an introduction, translation, and commentary. The first volume contains all six books of Lucretius' poem in Latin with an English translation.

A History of Greece
  • Volume 7
  • George Grote
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    01 April 2010
    First published in:
    1850
  • Widely acknowledged as the most authoritative study of ancient Greece, George Grote's twelve-volume work, begun in 1846, established the shape of Greek history which still prevails in textbooks and popular accounts of the ancient world today. Grote employs direct and clear language to take the reader from the earliest times of legendary Greece to the death of Alexander and his generation, drawing upon epic poetry and legend, and examining the growth and decline of the Athenian democracy. The work provides explanations of Greek political constitutions and philosophy, and interwoven throughout are the important but outlying adventures of the Sicilian and Italian Greeks. Volume 7 continues the history of the Peloponnesian War from the Peace of Nikias to the disaster of the Sicilian Expedition and the coup d'état of the Four Hundred at Athens in 411 BCE.

Attic Orators from Antiphon to Isaeos
  • Volume 2
  • Richard Claverhouse Jebb
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    10 June 2010
    First published in:
    1876
  • Sir Richard Claverhouse (R. C.) Jebb (1841–1905) was a prominent classical scholar and politician. Jebb was University Orator at Cambridge before becoming Professor of Greek at Glasgow in 1875, and eventually returning to Cambridge as Regius Professor. His many publications include books on Greek oratory, Homer, and modern Greece as well as editions of ancient Greek drama. The two-volume Attic Orators from Antiphon to Isaeos (1876) was written with two primary objectives: to attend to a significant but often neglected element of Greek literature, Attic prose oratory, and to situate that oratory within its social and political contexts. Jebb analyses a number of rhetors from the period before Demosthenes, providing a thorough overview of the genre during this 'best period of Athens'. Volume 2 focuses on the lives, historical contexts, and works of Isokrates and Isaeos before examining the decline and revival of Greek oratory.

P. Vergili Maronis Opera
  • With a Commentary
  • Volume 2
  • Edited by John Conington
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1863
  • First published between 1858 and 1871, John Conington's lucid exposition of the complete works of Virgil continues to set the standard for commentary on the Virgilian corpus. After decades out of print, this three-volume edition is once again available to readers, allowing Conington's subtle investigations of language, context, and intellectual background to find a fresh audience. Volume 2 (1863) features the first six books of the Aeneid. Introductory essays and detailed, informative notes situate the work within the larger field of Greek and Latin epic poetry. Still a major scholarly contribution over a century and a half after its initial publication, Conington's Works of Virgil is fine testament to one of Victorian England's most talented readers of classical Latin, a philologist whose gifts, as his colleague Henry Nettleship noted, 'were of a single and representative order … unlikely to be replaced'.

A History of Greece
  • Volume 4
  • George Grote
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    01 April 2010
    First published in:
    1847
  • Widely acknowledged as the most authoritative study of ancient Greece, George Grote's twelve-volume work, begun in 1846, established the shape of Greek history which still prevails in textbooks and popular accounts of the ancient world today. Grote employs direct and clear language to take the reader from the earliest times of legendary Greece to the death of Alexander and his generation, drawing upon epic poetry and legend, and examining the growth and decline of the Athenian democracy. The work provides explanations of Greek political constitutions and philosophy, and interwoven throughout are the important but outlying adventures of the Sicilian and Italian Greeks. Volume 4 continues the review of Greek contacts in the wider Mediterranean world, and also covers political developments, especially in Athens, from the rise of the Peisistratids to the battle of Marathon.

Sabrinae Corolla in Hortulis Regiae Scholae Salopiensis
  • Contexuerunt Tres Viri Floribus Legendis
  • Benjamin H. Kennedy, James Riddell
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1850
  • Sabrinae Corolla, published in 1850, takes its name from a poem by John Milton. It is a collection of poems from a wide range of sources, mainly in English but also in German, Greek and Italian, with translations into Greek or Latin on the facing page. It was edited by the Victorian classicist Benjamin Hall Kennedy (1804–1889), most famous for his Latin primer (also available in this series), and the translations were made by some of Kennedy's former students at Shrewsbury School, who are named in a separate list. The book contains Latin versions of works including the eighteenth-century Scottish poet Tobias Smollett's My Native Stream, the German Friedrich Schiller's Hektors Abschied, and Greek renditions of Shelley's The World's Wanderers and Voltaire's Enigma. It also includes nine illustrations.

P. Vergili Maronis Opera
  • With a Commentary
  • Volume 3
  • Edited by John Conington, Henry Nettleship
  • Published online:
    29 August 2010
    Print publication:
    20 May 2010
    First published in:
    1871
  • First published between 1858 and 1871, John Conington's lucid exposition of the complete works of Virgil continues to set the standard for commentary on the Virgilian corpus. After decades out of print, this three-volume edition is once again available to readers, allowing Conington's subtle investigations of language, context, and intellectual background to find a fresh audience. This final volume (1871), published posthumously and completed with the assistance of Henry Nettleship, features Books VII-XII of the Aeneid. Detailed, informative notes situate the individual work within the larger field of Greek and Latin epic poetry. Still a major scholarly contribution over a century and a half after its initial publication, Conington's Works of Virgil is fine testament to one of Victorian England's most talented readers of classical Latin, a philologist whose gifts, Nettleship notes, 'were of a single and representative order … unlikely to be replaced'.

Page 25 of 26