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  • Chapter 3 - The Ecology of Rocky Subtidal Habitats of the North-East Atlantic

  • Edited by Stephen J. Hawkins, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, Katrin Bohn, Louise B. Firth, University of Plymouth, Gray A. Williams, The University of Hong Kong
  • Book:
    Interactions in the Marine Benthos
    Published online:
    07 September 2019
    Print publication:
    29 August 2019, pp 47-60

  • Summary

    Rocky subtidal communities are important along the entire north-east Atlantic coast, from those of wave-exposed open coasts and coastal archipelagos through to sheltered inlets and bays, from warm-temperate to Arctic environments. The character of the communities on the north-east Atlantic subtidal hard substratum is determined especially by the amount of light reaching the seabed and by the strength of water flow, including wave action and tidal currents. Those physical factors may be significantly modified by interactions between species, including competition, predation and grazing; and from human activities, such as waste disposal or agricultural run-off (causing eutrophication) and by harvesting. Grazing is a major structuring agent in determining the distribution of algae and animals and may create large differences in species richness and abundance. In the future, changes might occur as ocean warming influences the growth, survival and abundance of key structural or functional species.