Chapter 14 provides an overview and critical analysis of the EU rules on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing. Section 14.2 discusses the Transfer of Funds Regulation, Section 14.3 the relevant rules of of the AMLD, and Section 14.4 the respective provisions of MiCA. Section 14.5 summarises the remaining challenges and Section 14.6 concludes.

On October 27, 2022, the Digital Services Act (DSA) was published in the Official Journal of the European Union (EU). The DSA, which has been portrayed as the Europe’s new “Digital Constitution”, sets out a cross-sector regulatory framework for online services and regulates the responsibility of online intermediaries for illegal content. Against this background, this chapters provides a brief overview of recent regulatory developments regarding platform responsibility in the EU. The chapter seeks to add a European perspective to the global debate about platform regulation. Section 3.1 provides an overview of the regulatory framework in the EU and recent legislative developments. Section 3.2 analyses different approaches regarding the enforcement of rules on platform responsibility. Section 3.3 takes a closer look at the regulation of content moderation by digital platforms in the EU. Finally, Section 3.4 adds some observations on the international effects of EU rules on platform responsibility.

This chapter discusses the impact of particular policies at the global level. It turns out that coordination and common standards can make a big difference. First, it is shown that the global traceability of minerals can cut rebel funding significantly. Next, the role of monitoring multinationals is highlighted. Notably, recent studies have pinpointed the importance of corporate social responsibility of mining firms, revealing that the best-run mineral extractors may have a beneficial impact on the local population, while poorly run firms yield disastrous outcomes. Further, given that wars tend to trigger a series of vicious cycles, there is a powerful case for facilitating refugee admission. It is discussed how a well-coordinated refugee policy can reduce violence perpetuation over future generations. Next, we investigate what role international trade can play for fostering peace and what harmful effects arms trade can entail. It is shown how arms-producing countries can – without bearing large economic costs – reduce the ability of bad regimes to attack their civilians. Finally, the importance of a rule-based international order and a well-managed green transition is highlighted.

Apart from some parentheses, globalisation has proceeded over time, due to various factors, of a technical nature and of an economic policy kind. Among the latter, a cooperative international political-institutional environment plays a decisive role, which can help explain the sustained pace of globalisation after WWII. The consequences of globalisation on efficiency can be different in the short run, when they are generally positive, and in the long run, when they can be negative if globalisation leads to an increased degree of monopoly. As to equity, the effects in single countries are beneficial for some people and negative for others. A similar impact can derive from globalisation on different countries. However, it should be recalled that ungoverned globalisation can lead to economic imbalances, which raises the need for some kind of international coordination. In the recent decades this has proceeded with beneficial effects, but in the last few years notable oppositions have grown, in particular by China and the United States, leading to tariff wars and the like.

Apart from some parentheses, globalisation has proceeded over time, due to various factors, of a technical nature and of an economic policy kind. Among the latter, a cooperative international political-institutional environment plays a decisive role, which can help explain the sustained pace of globalisation after WWII. The consequences of globalisation on efficiency can be different in the short run, when they are generally positive, and in the long run, when they can be negative if globalisation leads to an increased degree of monopoly. As to equity, the effects in single countries are beneficial for some people and negative for others. A similar impact can derive from globalisation on different countries. However, it should be recalled that ungoverned globalisation can lead to economic imbalances, which raises the need for some kind of international coordination. In the recent decades this has proceeded with beneficial effects, but in the last few years notable oppositions have grown, in particular by China and the United States, leading to tariff wars and the like.