This chapter describes the research pertaining to the association between attachment relationships and vulnerability to anxiety disorders. It focuses on recent research that suggests possible pathways from attachment to anxiety disorders in the areas of emotional regulation, anxiety sensitivity, and cognitive style. Recently, attachment researchers have begun to conceptualize the working model in a way more consistent with what is known about brain functions and with the fact that the quality of relationships often varies over time. Researchers have studied the relationship between adult attachment style and psychological functioning. Much research has identified a correlation between insecure attachment and anxiety sensitivity. Childhood separation anxiety disorder (C-SepAD) is the most common childhood anxiety disorder. Researchers have studied attachment style among people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More research is needed, however, to elucidate specific relationships between attachment and other DSM-IV anxiety disorders.