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1 results

  • 5 - Caloric and multicaloric materials

  • from Part II - Applications
  • Antoni Planes, University of Barcelona, Avadh Saxena, Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Book:
    Phase Transitions
    Published online:
    01 May 2025
    Print publication:
    15 May 2025, pp 175-199

  • Summary

    The chapter discusses caloric materials, which are those that show large and reversible thermal response to an applied external field, either mechanical, electric or magnetic. The corresponding effects are denoted as mechanocaloric, electrocaloric and magnetocaloric effects, respectively. The response is usually quantified by the changes of entropy and temperature induced by isothermal and adiabatic application/removal of a field, respectively. These quantities are large in the vicinity of phase transitions and, in particular, close to a first-order transition where the latent heat provides a large caloric response. Well-known examples are ferroic materials in the vicinity of their transition towards the ferroic phase. The chapter starts with the study of caloric effects near a critical point and subsequently caloric behaviour near a first-order transition is analysed. Then, the possibility of multicaloric effects that can be induced by multiple fields in multiferroic materials is considered and a general thermodynamic formalism of multicaloric effects is developed.