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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 May 2016
For stars with masses between about 1 and 8 M⊙ the ascent of the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) is the last nuclear powered evolutionary stage. Following this the stars eject a planetary nebula and fade as white dwarfs. Although only short in duration, the AGB is very important due to the nucleosynthesis which occurs. Here we briefly review the species produced and the mechanism for their production. We then discuss the current uncertainties in quantitative predictions of this nucleosynthesis, which centre on our determination of convective boundaries.