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Express[p] in expressive phonology: analysis of a nicknaming pattern using ‘princess’ in Japanese

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 November 2024

Gakuji Kumagai
Gakuji Kumagai*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Letters, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
*
Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Recent studies have shown that sound-symbolic patterns can be modelled using phonological theory. The purpose of the current study is to describe a new Japanese nicknaming pattern, pime-yobi, wherein [h] alternates with [p] to express cuteness, and to model it using Maximum Entropy Harmonic Grammar. The current study, building on the analysis of Alderete & Kochetov (2017), proposes a sound-symbolic constraint, Express[p], which requires output forms to contain [p]. The results of two experiments show that Japanese speakers found names containing [p]s to be cuter than those without them and that pime-yobi nicknaming exhibits intra- and inter-speaker variation in acceptability and cuteness. Based on these results, theoretical analysis shows that the weight of Express[p] varies both across different speakers and within the same speaker.

Keywords

nicknamingvariationcumulativitysound symbolismMaximum Entropy Harmonic Grammar
Type
Article
Information
Phonology , Volume 40 , Issue 3-4 , August 2023 , pp. 267 - 290
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© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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