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The influence of metal cations on the dissolution and transformation of biotite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2024

Shoushu Wei ,
Qingze Chen Open the ORCID record for Qingze Chen [Opens in a new window] ,
Lingya Ma ,
Xiangwei Zhang ,
Jingming Wei ,
Jiaxin Xi ,
Runliang Zhu ,
Jianxi Zhu Open the ORCID record for Jianxi Zhu [Opens in a new window]  and
Hongping He
Shoushu Wei
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Qingze Chen
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Lingya Ma
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Xiangwei Zhang
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Jingming Wei
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Jiaxin Xi
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Runliang Zhu
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Jianxi Zhu*
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
Hongping He
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
*
Corresponding author: Jianxi Zhu; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Five typical metal cations (i.e. Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+) were selected as representatives to study the influence of metal cations on the dissolution and transformation of biotite. This work focussed on the mineralogical features of transformation products and phase transformation mechanisms by utilising modern spectroscopic methods and micro-beam characterisation techniques. In comparison with a control system, K+ inhibited the dissolution and transformation of biotite, leading to the generation of amorphous iron hydroxides on the biotite surface. Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ promoted the dissolution of biotite but inhibited its transformation into kaolinite, with the Na system producing sodium-bearing biotite, vermiculite, hematite and a small amount of kaolinite, and the Mg and Ca systems producing mainly vermiculite, chlorite and hematite. Al3+ notably accelerated the dissolution and transformation of biotite, resulting in well-crystallised kaolinite and hematite. Furthermore, metal cations changed the formation mechanism of kaolinite by altering the dissolution rate of biotite. Within the blank system, biotite dissolved slowly, with elements (i.e. Al and Si) accumulating on the biotite surface and growing epitaxially into kaolinite; whereas in the Al system, the rapid dissolution of biotite provided a large amount of Si, which combined with Al in the solution, forming kaolinite via a dissolution–recrystallisation process. In addition, the exchange reactions of metal-cation–K+ and the competitive adsorption of metal-cation–proton simultaneously constrained the dissolution process of biotite. This work offers a theoretical basis for an in-depth comprehension of the factors influencing biotite weathering and new insights into the evolution of clay minerals in terrestrial surface environments.

Keywords

biotitemetal cationdissolutiontransformationweathering
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , First View , pp. 1 - 13
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and Ireland.

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Footnotes

Guest Editor: Anxu Sheng

This paper is part of a thematic set on Nanominerals and mineral nanoparticles

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