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Strong detonation behaviours in stratified media bound by non-reactive gases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 May 2025

Haoyang Li Open the ORCID record for Haoyang Li [Opens in a new window] ,
Pengfei Yang Open the ORCID record for Pengfei Yang [Opens in a new window]  and
Chun Wang
Haoyang Li
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
Pengfei Yang*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
Chun Wang
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
*
Corresponding author: Pengfei Yang, [email protected]
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Abstract

In this study, the propagation behaviour of detonation waves in a channel filled with stratified media is analysed using a detailed chemical reaction model. Two symmetrical layers of non-reactive gas are introduced near the upper and lower walls to encapsulate a stoichiometric premixed H2–air mixture. The effects of gas temperature and molecular weight of the non-reactive layers on the detonation wave’s propagation mode and velocity are examined thoroughly. The results reveal that as the non-reactive gas temperature increases, the detonation wave front transitions from a ‘convex’ to a ‘concave’ shape, accompanied by an increase in wave velocity. Notably, the concave wave front comprises detached shocks, oblique shocks and detonation waves, with the overall wave system propagating at a velocity exceeding the theoretical Chapman–Jouguet speed, indicating the emergence of a strong detonation wave. Furthermore, when the molecular weight of non-reactive layers varies, the results qualitatively align with those obtained from temperature variations. To elucidate the formation mechanism of different detonation wave front shapes, a dimensionless parameter $\eta$ (defined as a function of the specific heat ratio and sound speed) is proposed. This parameter unifies the effects of temperature and molecular weight, confirming that the specific heat ratio and sound speed of non-reactive layers are the primary factors governing the detonation wave propagation mode. Additionally, considering the effect of mixture inhomogeneity on the detonation reaction zone, the stream tube contraction theory is proposed, successfully explaining why strong detonation waves form in stratified mixtures. Numerical results show good agreement with theoretical predictions, validating the proposed model.

Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 1010 , 10 May 2025 , A44
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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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