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Multiscale modelling and simulation of coexisting turbulent and rarefied gas flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2024

Songyan Tian Open the ORCID record for Songyan Tian [Opens in a new window]  and
Lei Wu Open the ORCID record for Lei Wu [Opens in a new window]
Songyan Tian
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
Lei Wu*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

Simulating complex gas flows from turbulent to rarefied regimes is a long-standing challenge, since turbulence and rarefied flow represent contrasting extremes of computational aerodynamics. We propose a multiscale method to bridge this gap. Our method builds upon the general synthetic iterative scheme for the mesoscopic Boltzmann equation, and integrates the $k$–$\omega$ model in the macroscopic synthetic equation to address turbulent effects. Asymptotic analysis and numerical simulations show that the macroscopic–mesoscopic coupling adaptively selects the turbulence model and the laminar Boltzmann equation. The multiscale method is then applied to opposing jet problems in hypersonic flight surrounding by rarefied gas flows, showing that the turbulence could cause significant effects on the surface heat flux, which cannot be captured by the turbulent model nor the laminar Boltzmann solution alone. This study provides a viable framework for advancing understanding of the interaction between turbulent and rarefied gas flows.

JFM classification

Rarefied Gas Flow: Rarefied Gas Flow Turbulent Flows: Turbulent Flows
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 1002 , 10 January 2025 , A10
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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