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448 Unraveling the pathogenicity of a novel variant in Diamond Blackfan anemia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2025

Alexandra Prosser-Dombrowski
Affiliation:
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
John Perry
Affiliation:
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
Irina Pushel
Affiliation:
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
Jacqelyn Nemechek
Affiliation:
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
Jay Vivian
Affiliation:
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
Priyanka Prem Kumar
Affiliation:
Children’s Mercy Kansas City
Chris Seidel
Affiliation:
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
Danny Miller
Affiliation:
Seattle Children’s Hospital
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Abstract

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Objectives/Goals: Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is caused by loss of ribosomal proteins leading to death of red blood cell progenitors. We identified a novel heterozygous variant (c.167+769C>T) in RPL30 in a patient with DBA. We hypothesized that this variant, in a gene not previously studied in DBA, would demonstrate DBA phenotype and reveal early drivers of disease. Methods/Study Population: To study the role of our novel variant, we developed an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model, including wild type (WT) and CRISPR-edited RPL30 mutant clones. We differentiated the iPSC into hematopoietic stem cells, identified cell populations with flow cytometry, and applied single-cell RNA sequencing. We identified erythroid clusters for differential gene expression analysis, using R Studio DESeq followed by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. We are differentiating cells into red blood cells for further comparison with flow cytometry, bulk RNA sequencing, protein analysis, and hemoglobin staining. Our approach has relied on multidisciplinary expertise in clinical hematology and genetics, basic science study of ribosomes, computational biology, stem cell, and hematopoietic biology. Results/Anticipated Results: Compared to WT hematopoietic stem cells, RPL30mutant cells had significantly decreased expression of RPL30. Analysis of top differentially expressed genes revealed downregulation of HSPA1A which encodes heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), chaperone of a critical red blood cell transcription factor. Loss of HSP70 protein has been implicated in RPL-mutated red blood cells previously as a potential modulator of severe DBA phenotype. Upon GO enrichment analysis of downregulated genes, biologic process terms GO:0042254 ribosome biogenesis, GO:1903708 positive regulation of hemopoiesis, and GO:0045646 regulation of erythrocyte differentiation were all highlighted as driver terms. We expect further differentiation to reveal early death of RPL30mutant cells with associated downregulated HSP70. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Our results support our hypothesis that the RPL30 variant downregulates erythropoiesis, with a potential early role of HSP70 protein. Upon completion of our study, we will demonstrate the role of RPL30in DBA pathogenesis as well as provide understanding of its drivers, which is critical for improved management of this disease.

Type
Precision Medicine/Health
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. The Association for Clinical and Translational Science