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Drought stress tolerance in vetch plants (Vicia sp.): agronomic evidence and physiological signatures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2024

Parvis Yadollahi ,
Hamid Reza Eshghizadeh Open the ORCID record for Hamid Reza Eshghizadeh [Opens in a new window] ,
Jamshid Razmjoo ,
Morteza Zahedi ,
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi  and
Mahdi Gheysari
Parvis Yadollahi
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Hamid Reza Eshghizadeh*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Jamshid Razmjoo
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Morteza Zahedi
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Mahdi Gheysari
Affiliation:
Department of Irrigation, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
*
Corresponding author: Hamid Reza Eshghizadeh; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate vetch genotypes’ responses to moderate and severe drought stress and identify stress tolerance markers in arid conditions. Ten vetch genotypes (Vicia dassycarpa Ten., V. pannonica Crantz., V. michauxii Spereng., V. sativa-Ardebil, V. sativa-Dashtyar, V. sativa-Fereydonshahr, V. sativa-Mashhad, V. sativa-Semirom, V. sativa-Shahrekord and V. villosa Roth.) were cultivated under three water-deficit conditions: control, moderate and severe drought stress. These conditions represented maximum allowable depletion levels of 30, 50 and 85% of soil available water, applied after the six-leaf stage in the 2019–20 and 2020–21 growing seasons. The findings highlight the vetch's response to drought stress is influenced by stress severity and genotype. The result indicated a wide range of genetic diversity in agro-physiological traits among the studied vicia germplasm. Vicia dassycarpa Ten. shows highest straw yield and shorter days to flowering and maturity. Vicia michauxii Spreng. demonstrates high grain yield and advantageous traits like increased water content, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and membrane stability index. It has lower soluble carbohydrate, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and proline content. Additionally, V. michauxii Spreng. exhibits superior agronomic traits such as more seeds per pod, per plant and higher 1000 seeds weight, serving as reliable markers for drought tolerance. The results emphasize V. dassycarpa Ten. for fodder and V. michauxii Spreng. for grain production in water-limited regions. Further research on gene expression related to drought tolerance traits should enhance our understanding of vetch.

Keywords

flowering and maturity timinggenetic diversitymembrane stability indexseed yield traitswater use efficiency
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 163 , Issue 1 , February 2025 , pp. 13 - 26
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Copyright
Copyright © Isfahan University of Technology, 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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