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Effect of chitosan on three isolates of Rhizopusstolonifer obtained from peach, papaya and tomato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2010

Ana N. Hernández-Lauzardo ,
Miguel G. Velázquez-del Valle ,
Leticia Veranza-Castelán ,
Gloria E. Melo-Giorgana  and
María G. Guerra-Sánchez
Ana N. Hernández-Lauzardo*
Affiliation:
 CEPROBI, Inst. Politéc. Nac., Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, CP 62731, Apartado Postal 24, Yautepec,  Morelos, México
Miguel G. Velázquez-del Valle
Affiliation:
 CEPROBI, Inst. Politéc. Nac., Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, CP 62731, Apartado Postal 24, Yautepec,  Morelos, México
Leticia Veranza-Castelán
Affiliation:
 Fac. Cienc. Quím., Univ. Autón. Veracruz, Prolong. Oriente 6 No. 1009, Orizaba, Veracruz, México, CP 23456. México
Gloria E. Melo-Giorgana
Affiliation:
 Fac. Cienc. Quím., Univ. Autón. Veracruz, Prolong. Oriente 6 No. 1009, Orizaba, Veracruz, México, CP 23456. México
María G. Guerra-Sánchez
Affiliation:
 ENCB, Inst. Politéc. Nac., Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col Casco de Sto. Tomás. Del. Miguel Hidalgo, CP 11340, México
*
* Correspondence and reprints
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Abstract

Introduction. Rhizopus stolonifer is thecausal agent of Rhizopus rot disease in various fruit and vegetables.Materials and methods. The effect of chitosan was evaluated invitro on mycelial growth, sporulation, morphological characteristics andgermination of spores of three isolates of R. stolonifer (from peach,papaya and tomato). The effect of chitosan on controlling Rhizopus decayin peach, papaya and tomato fruit in situ in comparison with thesynthetic fungicide dichloran was also studied. Results and discussion. Ourresults showed that the mycelial growth and sporulation of the three isolates weremarkedly inhibited at all tested chitosan concentrations. The highest antifungal indexesand sporulation reduction were observed with chitosan at 2 mg·mL–1. In ourstudy, the morphological characteristics of the spores of R. stolonifershowed different behavior depending on the evaluated isolates. In general, the highesteffect on germination was observed at the chitosan concentration of 2 mg·mL–1.Our results demonstrated that chitosan was effective in reducing the percentage ofinfection and the severity index on peach, papaya and tomato fruit compared with those ofnon-treated control. The chitosan was not more effective than dichloran in reducing thepercentage of infection. The results of the study suggest that chitosan(2 mg·mL–1) is a good alternative for the control ofRhizopus decay on peach, papaya and tomato fruit; it could beconsidered as a potential agent in natural alternatives to control postharvestdiseases.

Keywords

MexicoPrunus persicaCarica papayaLycopersicon esculentumfruitspostharvest decayfungal diseasesRhizopus stoloniferchitosanantifungal propertiesMexiquePrunus persicaCarica papayaLycopersicon esculentumfruitsmaladie postrécoltemaladie fongiqueRhizopus stoloniferchitosanepropriété antifongiqueMéxicoPrunus persicaCarica papayaLycopersicon esculentumfrutasenfermedades postcosechaenfermedades fungosasRhizopus stoloniferquitosanopropiedades antifúngicas
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 65 , Issue 4 , July 2010 , pp. 245 - 253
Copyright
© 2010 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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