Hostname: page-component-669899f699-vbsjw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-27T18:54:54.977Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

THE PLAN, FURNISHING AND FUNCTION OF A JACOBEAN COUNTRY HOUSE: BRAMSHILL, HAMPSHIRE, IN THE 1620s AND 1630s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2024

Emily Cole
Affiliation:
Emily Cole, 17 Kingsmead Road, Bishops Stortford, Hertfordshire, CM23 2AG, UK. Email: [email protected]
James Rothwell
Affiliation:
James Rothwell, 3 Kews Meadow, Coombe Road, East Meon, Petersfield, Hampshire, GU32 1PA, UK. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

This article focuses on Bramshill, Hampshire, one of the most important country houses of the early modern period. From 1605 Bramshill was the home of Edward la Zouche (1556–1625), 11th Baron Zouche – a major courtier during the reigns of Elizabeth i and James i – and was reworked in phases up to and just beyond his death. Based on rare-surviving documents from the 1630s as well as analysis of the house’s fabric, this article reconstructs Bramshill’s plan and interiors as they existed in the late Jacobean and Caroline years. It reveals the arrangement of two significant state apartments – for king and queen – and also the lodgings of the owner, his family and guests, as well as service areas. The rich source material additionally allows the furnishings to be analysed. By using Bramshill as an example, the article aims to shed light on English country houses of similar size and date. The early modern period is important as representing an apogee in the history of country house building – reflecting the ambition of owners such as Lord Zouche and the popularity of the royal progress. Visitors to Bramshill in the early seventeenth century included James i, Charles i and Queen Henrietta Maria.

Type
Research paper
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society of Antiquaries of London

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Bibliography

BL, Add ms 38539Google Scholar
BL, Add ms 72415Google Scholar
TNA, C108/187 (see supplementary material)Google Scholar
TNA, C108/189 (see supplementary material)Google Scholar
TNA, C108/225 (see supplementary material)Google Scholar
TNA, E101/435/1Google Scholar
TNA, E101/435/17Google Scholar
TNA, E351/544Google Scholar
TNA, E351/3255Google Scholar
TNA, E351/3263Google Scholar
TNA, LC5/132Google Scholar
TNA, PROB 11/165/635Google Scholar
TNA, SP14/116Google Scholar
Cole, E 2011. ‘The state apartment in the Jacobean country house, 1603–1625’, unpublished DPhil thesis, University of SussexGoogle Scholar
Gapper, C 2005. ‘Report on decorative plasterwork at Bramshill House, Hampshire’, in Edward Farrell and Jon Lowe (for Gilmore Hankey Kirke Ltd and CgMs Consulting) (eds), A Conservation Plan for Bramshill House, Hook, Hampshire, for Centrex, LondonGoogle Scholar
Henderson, P 2015–16. ‘The landscape and gardens of Bramshill’, unpublished report for Land Use Consultants and City and Country (July 2015 and March 2016)Google Scholar
Hills, H M R 1984. ‘The Jacobean House at Bramshill’, unpublished MA thesis, Courtauld Institute of ArtGoogle Scholar
Smith, P 1998. ‘Bramshill House, Hampshire: a study day report’, for SAHGB visit on 14 August 1998Google Scholar
Bruce, J (ed) 1860a. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Charles I, 1629–31, vol 148, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
Bruce, J (ed) 1860b. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Charles I, 1629–31 – undated 1630, vol 181, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
CL 1899a. ‘Bramshill Park, Hampshire’, Country Life, 5 (118), 8 April, 432–5Google Scholar
CL 1899b. ‘Bramshill Park, Hampshire’, Country Life, 5 (119), 15 April, 464–7Google Scholar
CL 1903. ‘Bramshill Park, Hampshire’, Country Life, 14 (340), 11 July, 54–8Google Scholar
Cole, E 2017. ‘Theobalds, Hertfordshire: the plan and interiors of an Elizabethan country house’, Architectural Hist, 60, 71116 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cope, W H 1883. Bramshill: its history and architecture, H J Infield, LondonGoogle Scholar
Edwards, C 2007. Encyclopedia of Furnishing Textiles, Floorcoverings and Home Furnishing Practices, 1200–1950, Lund Humphries, Aldershot Google Scholar
Fuller, T 1952. The Worthies of England, ed J Freeman, George Allen & Unwin, LondonGoogle Scholar
Gapper, C, Newman, J and Ricketts, A 2002. ‘Hatfield: a house for a Lord Treasurer’, in Croft, Pauline (ed), Patronage, Culture and Power: the early Cecils, 1558–1612, 6795, Yale University Press, New Haven and London Google Scholar
Green, M A Everett (ed) 1858a. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: James I, 1611–18, vol 70, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
Green, M A Everett (ed) 1858b. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: James I, 1619–23, vol 122, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
Hills, H 1985a. ‘Bramshill House, Hampshire: I’, Country Life, 178 (4599), 10 October, 1011–5Google Scholar
Hills, H 1985b. ‘Bramshill House, Hampshire: II’, Country Life, 178 (4600), 17 October, 1095–9Google Scholar
Hills, H M 2008. Bramshill House: official guide, National Policing Improvement Agency, London Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923a. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: I’, Country Life, 53 (1378), 2 June, 758–68Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923b. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: II’, Country Life, 53 (1379), 9 June, 818–25Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923c. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: III’, Country Life, 53 (1380), 16 June, 852–9Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923d. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: IV’, Country Life, 53 (1381), 23 June, 886–93Google Scholar
Knafla, L A 2008. ‘Zouche, Edward la, eleventh Baron Zouche (1556–1625)’, in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online edn, https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/30301 (accessed 2 April 2024)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClure, N E (ed) 1939. The Letters of John Chamberlain, 2 vols, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia Google Scholar
Sambrook, P A and Brears, P (eds) 1997. The Country House Kitchen 1650–1900, Sutton Publishing, London Google Scholar
Summerson, J (ed) 1966. The Book of Architecture of John Thorpe in Sir John Soane’s Museum, vol 40, Walpole Society, GlasgowGoogle Scholar
BL, Add ms 38539Google Scholar
BL, Add ms 72415Google Scholar
TNA, C108/187 (see supplementary material)Google Scholar
TNA, C108/189 (see supplementary material)Google Scholar
TNA, C108/225 (see supplementary material)Google Scholar
TNA, E101/435/1Google Scholar
TNA, E101/435/17Google Scholar
TNA, E351/544Google Scholar
TNA, E351/3255Google Scholar
TNA, E351/3263Google Scholar
TNA, LC5/132Google Scholar
TNA, PROB 11/165/635Google Scholar
TNA, SP14/116Google Scholar
Cole, E 2011. ‘The state apartment in the Jacobean country house, 1603–1625’, unpublished DPhil thesis, University of SussexGoogle Scholar
Gapper, C 2005. ‘Report on decorative plasterwork at Bramshill House, Hampshire’, in Edward Farrell and Jon Lowe (for Gilmore Hankey Kirke Ltd and CgMs Consulting) (eds), A Conservation Plan for Bramshill House, Hook, Hampshire, for Centrex, LondonGoogle Scholar
Henderson, P 2015–16. ‘The landscape and gardens of Bramshill’, unpublished report for Land Use Consultants and City and Country (July 2015 and March 2016)Google Scholar
Hills, H M R 1984. ‘The Jacobean House at Bramshill’, unpublished MA thesis, Courtauld Institute of ArtGoogle Scholar
Smith, P 1998. ‘Bramshill House, Hampshire: a study day report’, for SAHGB visit on 14 August 1998Google Scholar
Bruce, J (ed) 1860a. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Charles I, 1629–31, vol 148, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
Bruce, J (ed) 1860b. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Charles I, 1629–31 – undated 1630, vol 181, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
CL 1899a. ‘Bramshill Park, Hampshire’, Country Life, 5 (118), 8 April, 432–5Google Scholar
CL 1899b. ‘Bramshill Park, Hampshire’, Country Life, 5 (119), 15 April, 464–7Google Scholar
CL 1903. ‘Bramshill Park, Hampshire’, Country Life, 14 (340), 11 July, 54–8Google Scholar
Cole, E 2017. ‘Theobalds, Hertfordshire: the plan and interiors of an Elizabethan country house’, Architectural Hist, 60, 71116 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cope, W H 1883. Bramshill: its history and architecture, H J Infield, LondonGoogle Scholar
Edwards, C 2007. Encyclopedia of Furnishing Textiles, Floorcoverings and Home Furnishing Practices, 1200–1950, Lund Humphries, Aldershot Google Scholar
Fuller, T 1952. The Worthies of England, ed J Freeman, George Allen & Unwin, LondonGoogle Scholar
Gapper, C, Newman, J and Ricketts, A 2002. ‘Hatfield: a house for a Lord Treasurer’, in Croft, Pauline (ed), Patronage, Culture and Power: the early Cecils, 1558–1612, 6795, Yale University Press, New Haven and London Google Scholar
Green, M A Everett (ed) 1858a. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: James I, 1611–18, vol 70, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
Green, M A Everett (ed) 1858b. Calendar of State Papers Domestic: James I, 1619–23, vol 122, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London Google Scholar
Hills, H 1985a. ‘Bramshill House, Hampshire: I’, Country Life, 178 (4599), 10 October, 1011–5Google Scholar
Hills, H 1985b. ‘Bramshill House, Hampshire: II’, Country Life, 178 (4600), 17 October, 1095–9Google Scholar
Hills, H M 2008. Bramshill House: official guide, National Policing Improvement Agency, London Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923a. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: I’, Country Life, 53 (1378), 2 June, 758–68Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923b. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: II’, Country Life, 53 (1379), 9 June, 818–25Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923c. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: III’, Country Life, 53 (1380), 16 June, 852–9Google Scholar
Hussey, C 1923d. ‘Bramshill Hampshire: IV’, Country Life, 53 (1381), 23 June, 886–93Google Scholar
Knafla, L A 2008. ‘Zouche, Edward la, eleventh Baron Zouche (1556–1625)’, in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online edn, https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/30301 (accessed 2 April 2024)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClure, N E (ed) 1939. The Letters of John Chamberlain, 2 vols, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia Google Scholar
Sambrook, P A and Brears, P (eds) 1997. The Country House Kitchen 1650–1900, Sutton Publishing, London Google Scholar
Summerson, J (ed) 1966. The Book of Architecture of John Thorpe in Sir John Soane’s Museum, vol 40, Walpole Society, GlasgowGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 1

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 1(File)
File 93.1 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 2

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 2(File)
File 47.3 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 3

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 3(File)
File 21.8 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 4

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 4(File)
File 41.9 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 5

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 5(File)
File 69.3 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 6

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 6(File)
File 38.5 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 7

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 7(File)
File 53.2 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 8

Cole and Rothwell supplementary material
Download Cole and Rothwell supplementary material 8(File)
File 40.4 KB