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Artificial intelligence in low-altitude flight: Developmental opportunity or ethical challenge?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2025

J. Li Open the ORCID record for J. Li [Opens in a new window] ,
S. Liu Open the ORCID record for S. Liu [Opens in a new window] ,
W. Huang Open the ORCID record for W. Huang [Opens in a new window]  and
B. Yan Open the ORCID record for B. Yan [Opens in a new window]
J. Li
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
S. Liu*
Affiliation:
College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China Hypersonic Technology Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
W. Huang
Affiliation:
College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China Hypersonic Technology Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
B. Yan
Affiliation:
School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an,China
*
Corresponding author: S. Liu; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

In recent years, the rapid convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and low-altitude flight technology has driven significant transformations across various industries. These advancements have showcased immense potential in areas such as logistics distribution, urban air mobility (UAM) and national defense. By adopting the AI technology, low-altitude flight technology can achieve high levels of automation and operate in coordinated swarms, thereby enhancing efficiency and precision. However, as these technologies become more pervasive, they also raise pressing ethical or moral concerns, particularly regarding privacy, public safety, as well as the risks of militarisation and weaponisation. These issues have sparked extensive debates. In summary, while the integration of AI and low-altitude flight presents revolutionary opportunities, it also introduces complex ethical challenges. This article will explore these opportunities and challenges in depth, focusing on areas such as privacy protection, public safety, military applications and legal regulation, and will propose strategies to ensure that technological advancements remain aligned with ethical or moral principles.

Keywords

artificial intelligence (AI)low-altitude flightdronesdevelopmental opportunityethics challenge
Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , First View , pp. 1 - 19
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Aeronautical Society

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