• The research on orthorexia nervosa is most frequently based on convenience samples of students (e.g. Awad et al., 2022; Bundros et al., 2016; Brytek-Matera et al., 2020a; Cerolini et al., 2022; Costa & Hardan-Khalil, 2019) using the ORTO-15 and its modifications in most cases. Research findings into female predominance in orthorexia nervosa have been inconsistent and contradictory in both student samples and the general population. A great deal of previous research into orthorexia nervosa has focused on its relationship with other conditions. Vegetarianism and veganism appear to be associated with greater orthorexia nervosa pathology (see Brytek-Matera, 2021a; McLean, Kulkarni & Sharp, 2022), just like symptoms of eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and/or depression in both students and the general population (McComb & Mills, 2019).