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1 - The Scottish Press, 1850–1900

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Summary

The Press has before it one of the most glorious Missions in which human agencies ever were employed. Its Mission is to Enlighten, to Civilize, and to Morally Transform the World.’ So declared James Grant in the preface to The Newspaper Press: its origin, progress and present position published in three volumes in 1871–2. Grant had been the founder in 1827 of the Elgin Courier, before moving to London and eventually editing there the Morning Advertiser. He waxed eloquent in his conclusion:

There is something absolutely sublime in the thought that there is at this moment so mighty a combination of intellectual, social and moral agencies engaged, through means of newspaper journalism, in the great work of seeking to improve men's minds, to liberate them from all sorts of slavery, whether of the body or the soul, and to transform their moral character.

Fifty years earlier, the Scotsman, at the beginning of its second year, had an equally clear and noble idea of what the aspiration of journalists ought to be:

To promote the good of our country, that is, to preserve its liberties, by rousing and maintaining public spirit, is the object which we had and still have nearest to our heart. We desire to vindicate our rights, by exercising them; but above all the right to a free press, which we consider is the vital principle of all human improvement. Knowledge is power; and it is by the press only that knowledge, to any useful extent, can be disseminated. It is easy to make an impression by declaiming on popular topics from day to day; but that is not the way by which any permanent good can be accomplished. A secure foundation should be laid before the architect proceed to raise a superstructure. The science of politics rests mainly on two other sciences, – those of morals and political economy. The duty of the Journalist is to apply, honestly and uprightly, the great principles of these sciences to the passing events of the day.

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Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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