Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×

Online ordering will be unavailable from 17:00 GMT on Friday, April 25 until 17:00 GMT on Sunday, April 27 due to maintenance. We apologise for the inconvenience.

Hostname: page-component-669899f699-2mbcq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-27T00:54:50.088Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

12 - Ship Structural Reliability Theory and Applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2025

P. A. Caridis
P. A. Caridis
Affiliation:
National Technical University of Athens
Get access

Summary

This chapter deals with the application of structural reliability theory in the field of ship structural analysis and design. Sources of uncertainty in the marine environment are discussed, followed by the probability theory dealing with combined loads (still-water bending and wave-induced bending). Three applications of reliability theory are then presented: the development of the IACS reliability-based code for the strength of oil tankers, a comparison of ships designed before and after the introduction of the IACS Common Structural Rules and lastly the risk-based structural design of an oil tanker.

Keywords

ship structural reliability theoryprobabilistic structural designrisk mitigationformal safety assessmentcombination of uncertaintiesbarrier crossing theoryFerry Borges-Castanheta methodprobabilistic rule development
Type
Chapter
Information
Global Strength of Ships
Analysis and Design using Mathematical Methods
 , pp. 559 - 627
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Ang, A. H.-S. (1970) Extended Reliability Basis of Structural Design Under Uncertainties. Proc. SAE/ALAA/ ASME, 9th Rel. & Maintain. Conf.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bitner-Gregersen, E. M. Haver, S. (1991) Joint Environmental Model for Reliability Calculations. Proc. 1st Int. Offsh. & Polar Eng. Conf. (ISOPE’91). Edinburgh 11–15 August, 246–254.Google Scholar
Brünner, E. et al. (2012) Design Principles and Criteria. Committee IV.1 Rept. In Fricke, W. Bronsart, R. (Eds) Proc. 18th Int. Ship & Offsh. Struct. Cong. Vol. 1 Schiffahrts-Verlag Hansa GmbH & Co KG Hamburg 435–506.Google Scholar
Card, J. Haugland, B. J. Pomeroy, V. (2004) Developing the next generation of Classification Society Rules for Oil Tankers. Design and Operation of Double Hull Tankers RINA Conf. London 1–10.Google Scholar
Coles, S. (2001) An Introduction to Statistical Modelling of Extreme Values. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daidola, J. C. Basar, N. C. (1980) Probabilistic Structural Analysis of Ship Hull Longitudinal Strength. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-301 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Faulkner, D. (1976) Some Thoughts on the Nature of Hazards affecting Structures in Deeper Water Offshore Int. Conference Birmingham.Google Scholar
Ferry Borges, J. Castanheta, M. (1972) Structural Safety. 2nd ed. Lisbon: Lab. Nac. Eng. Civil.Google Scholar
Frieze, P. A. (1984) Offshore Structural Design Summer Course Dept. Naval Arch. Ocean Eng. Univ. Glasgow, Scotland.Google Scholar
Galanis, G. Chu, P. C. Kallos, G. Kuo, Y.-H. Dodson, C. T. J. (2012) Wave height characteristics in the north Atlantic Ocean: a new approach based on statistical and geometrical techniques. Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess. Vol. 26 83–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodman, R. A. Mowatt, G. A. (1977) Application of Strength Research to Ship Design. In Dowling, P. J. Harding, J. E. Frieze, P. A. (Eds) Steel Plated Structures. London: Crosby Lockwood Staples 676–712.Google Scholar
‘Global Wave Statistics Online’ Globalwavestatisticsonline.com. Available: www.globalwavestatisticsonline.com/Help/wave_scatter.htm (accessed 19 December 2020).Google Scholar
Guedes Soares, C. (1984) Probabilistic Models for Load Effects in Ship Structures. Dept. Mar. Tech. Norw. Inst. Tech. Trondheim. Rept. No. UR-84-38.Google Scholar
Guedes Soares, C. (1992) Combination of primary load effects in ship structures. Prob. Eng. Mech. Vol. 7 103–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guedes Soares, C. Moan, T. (1988) Statistical analysis of still-water load effects in ship structures. Trans SNAME Vol. 96 129–156.Google Scholar
Guedes Soares, C. Dogliani, M. Ostergaard, C. Parmentier, G. Pedersen, P. T. (1996) Reliability Based Ship Structural Design. SNAME Annual Meeting.Google Scholar
Hess, P. E. Ayyub, B. M. (1997) Variability in the Geometry and Imperfections of Surface Ship Structural Scantlings. Draft Paper, Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, Maryland.Google Scholar
Hess, P. E. Bruchman, D. Assakkaf, I. A. Ayyubb, B.M. (2002) Uncertainties in material strength geometric and load variables. Naval Engineers J. Vol. 114 139–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, D. Lewis, E. V. Analysis and Interpretation of Full-Scale Data on Midship Bending Stresses of Dry Cargo Ships. Ship. Struct. Comm. Rept SSC-196 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Hørte, T. Wang, G. White, N. (2007) Calibration of the Hull Girder Ultimate Capacity Criterion for Double Hull Tankers. Proc. 10th Int. Symp. Prac. Des. Ships & Float. Struct. (PRADS 2007) Vol. 1 Houston, TX 553–565.Google Scholar
International Association of Classification Societies (2006) Common Structural Rules for Double Hull Oil Tankers Background Document Sect. 9/1 – Design Verification. Hull Girder Ultimate Strength.Google Scholar
International Association of Classification Societies (2002) Formal Safety Assessment. Overview and International Association of Classification Societies experience. Presentation to IMO MSC 75.Google Scholar
International Association of Classification Societies (2020) Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers.Google Scholar
International Association of Classification Societies (2012) Re-examination of the Environmental Data for use in Harmonised CSR. Rept. No Pt 1 Ch 4 Sec 6.Google Scholar
International Association of Classification Societies (2001) Standard Wave Data. Recommendation No. 34.Google Scholar
International Maritime Organisation (2013) Revised Guidelines for Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for Use in the IMO Rule-making Process. MSC-MEPC.2/Circ. 12.Google Scholar
International Maritime Organisation (2007) Formal Safety Assessment MSC 83/INF.2.Google Scholar
International Maritime Organisation (2006) Goal-based New Ship Construction Standards. Linkage between FSA and GBS. MSC 81/INF.6.Google Scholar
Ivanov, L. Wang, G. Foster, J. (2007) Probabilistic analysis of hull girder stresses using an analytical approach verified by the Monte Carlo simulation. Proc. 26th Intl Conf. Offshore Mech. & Arctic Eng. OMAE2007 San Diego, CA 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaplan, P. (1984) Analysis and Assessment of Major Uncertainties Associated with Ship Hull Ultimate Failure. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-332 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Kaplan, P. Benatar, M. Bentson, J. Achtarides, T. A. (1984) Analysis and Assessment of Major Uncertainties Associated with Ship Hull Ultimate Failure. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-322 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Mansour, A. E. (1989) An Introduction to Structural Reliability Theory. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-351 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Mansour, A. Lin, M. Høvem, L. Thayamballi, A. (1993) Probability-based Ship Design (Phase 1): A Demonstration. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-368 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Mansour, A. Wirshing, P. Luckett, M. Plumpton, A. et al. (1997) Assessment of Reliability of Existing Ship Structures. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-398 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Mathisen, J. Birknes, J. (2003) Statistics of Short Term Response to Waves First and Second Order Modules for Use with PROBAN. DNV Report No 2003-0051 Rev. No. 02.Google Scholar
Nikolaidis, E. Kaplan, P. (1991) Uncertainties in Stress Analysis on Marine Structures. Ship Struct. Comm. Rept. SSC-363 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Ochi, M. K. (1978) Wave statistics for the design of ships and ocean structures. Trans SNAME, Vol. 86 47–69.Google Scholar
Paik, J. K. Frieze, P. A. (2001) Ship structural safety and reliability. Prog Struct. Eng. Mater. Vol. 3 198–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parunov, J. Guedes Soares, C. (2008) Effects of Common Structural Rules on hull-girder reliability of an Aframax oil tanker. Rel. Eng. & Sys. Saf. Vol. 93 1317–1327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pires Guia, J. (2014) Risk-based structural design of double hull tankers. M.Sc. Thesis Tech. Univ. Lisbon.Google Scholar
Sørensen, J. D. (2004) Notes in Structural Reliability Theory and Risk Analysis. Inst. Build. Tech. & Struct. Eng. Aalborg Univ. Denmark.Google Scholar
Thoft-Christensen, P. Baker, M. J. (1982) Structural Reliability Theory and Its Applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Transportation Research Board (2003) Design of highway bridges for extreme events NCHPR Rept. 489 Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Tvedt, L. (2006) PROBAN – probabilistic analysis. Struct. Saf. Vol. 28 150–163.Google Scholar
Wang, X. Moan, T. (1996) Stochastic and deterministic combinations of still-water and wave bending moments in ships. Mar. Struct. Vol. 9 787–810.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Creative commons – attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 unported – CC BY-NC-ND 3.0. (n.d.). Creativecommons.org. Available: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ (accessed 25 February 2021).Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×