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6 - Disappeared Data: The Life and Death of Caste Data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2025

Trina Vithayathil
Affiliation:
Providence College, Rhode Island
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Summary

On July 3, 2015, four years after the MoRD started data collection for the SEC survey in the state of Tripura, it co-announced the release of provisional data for rural India. Finance minister Arun Jaitley and minister of rural development Chaudhary Birendra Singh—both of the BJP-led government that had come to power in 2014—published a press statement that included a link to SEC survey summary data on the MoRD website. The MoRD had analyzed and made public the data that it required for BPL identification, and envisioned numerous additional possibilities for using the collected data. The press release stated that the MoRD planned “to use the [SEC survey] data in all its programmes,” specifically citing “Housing for all, Education and Skills thrust, MGNREGA [Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act], National Food Security Act, interventions for differently able[d], interventions for women-led households, and targeting of households/ individual entitlements on evidence of deprivation, etc.” It also pointed to other intended uses of the SEC survey data by policy planners across levels of government and stated that combining the SEC survey data with the NPR would allow coordination across programs “to simultaneously address the multi-dimensionality of poverty by addressing the deprivation of households in education, skills, housing, employment, health, nutrition, water, sanitation, social and gender mobilization and entitlement” and tracking the progress of households over time. The concluding paragraph of the press release argued that the “[SEC survey] truly makes evidence based targeted household interventions for poverty reduction possible.” The two summary tables in the press release included details on the percentage of households automatically included on the BPL list based on five possible parameters for automatic inclusion, one of which was “whether any member of the household was from a primitive tribal group” (a question from the household section of the SEC survey questionnaire). This data came from a question that had been field-tested in the 2010 pilot survey—so it was not an addition from when the caste-wise enumeration was combined with the BPL survey. The tables also included the percentage of SC and ST households, which previous BPL surveys had documented.

Type
Chapter
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Counting Caste
Census Politics, Bureaucratic Deflection, and Brahmanical Power in India
, pp. 191 - 210
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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