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Chapter 2 - How Is Strategy Made? A Heideggerian Onto-Epistemological Framework for Studying Strategy as Practice

from Part I - Ontological and Epistemological Questions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 March 2025

By
Haridimos Tsoukas
Edited by
Damon Golsorkhi ,
Linda Rouleau ,
David Seidl  and
Eero Vaara
Damon Golsorkhi
Affiliation:
emlyon Business School
Linda Rouleau
Affiliation:
HEC Montréal
David Seidl
Affiliation:
Universität Zürich
Eero Vaara
Affiliation:
Saïd Business School, University of Oxford
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Summary

Haridimos Tsoukas develops the argument of Chia and Rasche further. In line with earlier works by Chia (Chia and Holt 2006; Chia and MacKay 2007; MacKay, Chia and Nair 2021), he argues that strategy as practice researchers need to adopt a real practice ontology if they wanted to go beyond the process approach in strategy. He supports the call for a clear break with methodological individualism in favour of a view that gives primacy to practice. Yet he warns about pushing research too much in the opposite direction, where strategy is treated as emergent by definition. Instead, we need to reconcile – from a practice-based approach – the possibility of both non-deliberate and deliberate types of action in strategy. Drawing on Heidegger’s philosophy, he develops a framework that distinguishes between four different types of actions according to the involved form and degree of intentionality: (1) ‘practical coping’ (based on tacit understandings); (2) ‘deliberate coping’ (based on explicit awareness); (3) ‘detached coping’ (based on thematic awareness); and (4) ‘theoretical coping’ (based on theoretical understanding). These four forms of action are then linked to four forms of strategy making.

Keywords

strategy as practicepractice approachtypes of actioncoping
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Cambridge Handbook of Strategy as Practice , pp. 42 - 62
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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