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Genetic and Extragenetic Variance In Motor Performance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2025

Dan Q. Marisi
Dan Q. Marisi*
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
*
Department of Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S4, Canada

Abstract

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A simple additive model of genes plus environment, based on intrapair similarities observed in 35 MZ and 35 like-sexed DZ twin pairs, was used to estimate the relative contribution of genetically controlled phenotypic variance in psychomotor individuality. Subjects practiced 50 trials on a pursuit rotor apparatus under a 20-sec/20-sec, work-rest schedule with a 30 min rest pause allowed between trials 30 and 31. Analyses of the data disclosed that a greater proportion of genetic factors, as opposed to nongenetic factors, appears to account for existing individual differences in motor performance among individuals subject to similar environmental conditions. The strength of this genetic control, however, systematically diminished throughout the course of practice obeying a monotonie trend over trials.

Riassunto

RIASSUNTO

Sulla base delle somiglianze intracoppia osservate in un campione di 35 coppie di gemelli MZ e 35 di gemelli DZ dello stesso sesso, è stata effettuata una valutazione del contributo genetico nella varianza fenotipica dell'individualità psicomotoria. L'analisi dei dati sperimentali ha dimostrato che i fattori genetici hanno una maggiore responsabilità di quelli non genetici nella determinazione delle differenze individuali nell'attività motoria a parità di condizioni ambientali. L'entità del controllo genetico si riduce, tuttavia, man mano che procede l'allenamento.

Résumé

RÉSUMÉ

Une évaluation de la contribution génétique dans la variance phénotypique de l'individualité psychomotrice a été effectuée sur la base de l'étude des ressemblances intra-couple sur un échantillon de 35 couples de jumeaux MZ et 35 de jumeaux DZ du même sexe. L'analyse des données expérimentales a démontré que les facteurs génétiques sont plus responsables des facteurs non-génétiques dans la détermination des différences individuelles dans l'acitvité motrice. Le rôle des facteurs génétiques se réduit, d'ailleurs, au fur et à mesure que l'activité augmente.

Zusammenfassung

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Aufgrund der Ähnlichkeit zwischen den Paarlingen einer Mustergruppe von je 35 EZ- und ZZ-Paaren erfolgt eine Beurteilung des Erbeinfluβes auf die phänotype Varianz der psychemotorischen Individualität. Eine Analyse der Ergebnisse zeigte, daβ bei gleichen äuβeren Umständen die individuellen Unterschiede der Motorik mehr von Erb-als von Umweltsfaktoren beeinfluβt werden, daβ die Erbfaktoren aber mit zunehmender Übung allmählich an Bedeutung verlieren.

Type
Research Article
Information
Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research , Volume 26 , Issue 3-4 , October 1977 , pp. 197 - 204
Copyright
Copyright © The International Society for Twin Studies 1977

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